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Corporate Venture Capital (CVC) units position themselves as smart capital providers in new venture firm New Venture Firm (NVF) financing. In line with the resource-based view and social capital theory, extant research postulates that CVCs contribute complementary assets beyond capital to their NVFs. However, the non-financial value for NVFs is mainly created through a corporate business unit within the CVC's corporate parent company. As agency theory implies, the strategic agendas of CVCs, NVFs, and corporate business units may not always align and thereby often hamper value creation. Hence, our qualitative research builds on a cross-industry case study of eleven CVC units to show how they leverage resources from their corporate sponsors to add value for NVFs. We reveal the mechanism behind CVC value creation holistically by identifying eight design elements that lead to a typology of four distinctive CVC forms. This classification offers a representation of the CVC landscape based on their institutional environment.
In recent decades, scholars have devoted increasing attention to equity investments in start-up companies executed by an intermediary owned and controlled by a corporation. Corporate venture capital (CVC) units provide liquidity to new venture companies and seek to achieve value creation for their corporate parents by offering a window to new technologies and for portfolio companies by leveraging their distinctive resource capabilities. This paper reviews the existing literature on CVC non-financial value creation for corporate parents and new venture portfolio firms in a systematic and replicable way. The contributions of our study are twofold. First, our thematic analysis reveals gaps in the existing knowledge, enabling scholars to investigate these research areas in more detail. Second, we provide a clear road map for CVC practitioners aiming to drive corporate innovation and scale new venture portfolio firms.