In recent years, conflicts between eironmental and trade policy have significantly increased in number. We analyse these conflicts in greater depth and discuss which reforms in the world trading regime are needed. In the first three sections, we describe those multilateral eironmental agreements which contain trade restrictions and classify the restrictions used. In the following two sections, we look at the rulings of WTO-Panels and Appellate Bodies which shed a new light on the problem of unilateral trade restrictions and on the requirements for WTO-compatible decision-making under uncertainty. When summarizing our findings, we briefly discuss the implications of the 4th WTO Ministerial Conference in Doha (2001) for the future of the trade-and-eironment debate.