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Purpose
This systematic literature review (SLR) structures and analyzes the research on female self-initiated expatriates (FSIEs), an under-explored subgroup within expatriation studies. The study identifies key themes and developments and outlines a future research agenda.
Design/methodology/approach
An SLR of 34 empirical studies was conducted, employing an inductive approach for an in-depth analysis of the articles, utilizing the Gioia methodology to code, review and organize the data systematically.
Findings
FSIEs choose expatriation to overcome career stagnation and to break glass ceilings in their home countries. They face specific challenges, including gender discrimination and exclusion. Yet, they exhibit powerful coping mechanisms and utilize social, often female, support networks. FSIEs tend to repatriate at higher rates than men, driven by economic and family-related reasons.
Originality/value
This SLR offers insights into FSIEs’ motivations, adjustment and careers, while calling for future research, inter alia, focusing on long-term career impacts and intersectional approaches to better capture the diverse motivations and experiences of FSIEs. Similarly, we encourage future research to conduct comparative studies between FSIEs, male SIEs and female assigned expatriates, while also utilizing other promising methodological designs, such as diary or multi-level studies.
The concept of bounded ethicality, introduced by Chugh et al. (2005) , complements that of bounded rationality by examining how individuals’ capacity to make ethical decisions is inherently constrained, leading to results systematically contradicting their own ethical standards. A key phenomenon that remains underexplored in this research is the tendency of individuals to underestimate the extent to which their own unethical behavior not only harms others but—more significantly—harms them. This blind spot reflects a form of myopia, as it pertains to the complex and far-reaching consequences of one’s actions. This article aims to specify the nature of this phenomenon, offer preliminary explanations, and discuss its broader implications for ethical decision-making in negotiations. Our argument is grounded in a qualitative, theory-building historical case study: the conflict surrounding the Lex Agraria in the late Roman Republic. We argue that unethical myopia is highly relevant for understanding how short-term gains from unethical actions obscure their long-term detrimental effects, and ultimately, it explains why such behavior is irrational. This insight holds not only for high-stakes negotiations but also for everyday situations in which individuals attempt to outsmart others. We also look at how the discussion on unethicality contributes to the discourse on the neglect of stakeholder interests in negotiations.
Purpose
This study aims to examine ethical behavior in negotiations, specifically focusing on the dynamics between cognitive processes and ethical conduct within negotiation contexts. While prior research has predominantly used rational frameworks to explain unethical behavior, emphasizing profit and self-interest, this work also considers nonrational influences, including intuitive and emotional factors.
Design/methodology/approach
This conceptual study uses dual process theory to explore the interaction between rational (System 2) and intuitive (System 1) thinking in relation to ethical conduct in negotiations. It introduces the cognition-conduct continuum and conceptualizes negotiation trajectories to describe and understand shifts in a negotiator’s ethical behavior.
Findings
Ethical negotiation conduct is influenced by both rational and non-rational factors that change over negotiation stages. The cognition-conduct continuum provides insight into how negotiators transition between ethical and unethical behaviors by following negotiation trajectories such as ethical fading or ethical resurgence.
Research limitations/implications
This study is purely conceptual; while the authors introduce negotiation trajectories as a tool, they do not establish a taxonomy or undertake an empirical analysis of individual trajectories.
Practical implications
The cognition-conduct continuum and the negotiation trajectory concept offer practical insights for negotiation training. By recognizing potential ethical shifts, negotiators can better manage the ethical complexities that arise during negotiations through targeted interventions, potentially enhancing long-term relational and economic outcomes.
Originality/value
This study systematically integrates nonrational factors into negotiation research and introduces the cognition-conduct continuum to capture negotiation dynamics. By conceptualizing trajectories, this study provides a focused framework for analyzing ethical shifts. In addition, this study introduces ethical resurgence as a counterpart to ethical fading, offering insights into what motivates individuals to return to ethical behavior.
Do good and talk about it
(2025)
This study provides robust evidence that higher investor relations (IR) quality goes in tandem with enhanced ESG ratings. Building on the extensive data from an established investor relations award in Germany, covering the largest listed firms between 2014 and 2022, we use both panel-data and two-stage least-squares regressions to analyze the effect of IR quality on ESG ratings. Our results hold true for various robustness checks. Moreover, not only do our results introduce a suitable measure for IR quality, but they also demonstrate the relevance of IR quality as an additional determinant of ESG performance measured by rating agencies. Finally, our results provide practical guidelines to firms struggling with their ESG ratings by providing reasoning that investing in higher IR quality eventually meets with success.
Earnout deals are expected to protect acquirers from overpayment as information asymmetries are reduced and the final purchase price is partly based on the future performance of the target. Various scholars have investigated the perception of earnout deals by capital markets revealing significant abnormal returns. Those studies are focused mostly on the Anglo-Saxon countries and China leveraging a pre-COVID datasets. Hence, this study aims at investigating capital market reaction to earnout deals in Continental Europe covering the timeline of 2012 to 2022. Our results indicate that earnout deals in Continental Europe outperform non-earnout deals and are especially beneficial in times of high uncertainty.
This paper investigates the emerging potential of metaverse technology and the diverse opportunities it presents for companies across industries. Although the metaverse remains in its nascent stages, its swift evolution has introduced a broad spectrum of use cases that hold significant promise for businesses. However, despite the evident potential, there remains a limited understanding of how metaverse technology can be effectively applied to benefit business operations and strategy. To address this gap, this study employs a scoping review methodology, systematically collecting and analyzing data from academic literature, publicly available sources, and company websites. The comprehensive review identified 101 distinct use cases of metaverse technology, which were subsequently categorized into three primary application fields: developing new product and service offerings, enhancing customer experience, and optimizing internal business processes. These findings not only provide a compelling rationale for companies contemplating the adoption of metaverse technology but also represent the first extensive exploration of its applications across diverse fields and industries. The study offers valuable insights that are crucial for both academic researchers and business practitioners who are keen to understand and leverage the transformative potential of the metaverse. By mapping out the current landscape of metaverse applications, this paper contributes to a deeper understanding of how companies can harness this technology to drive innovation, improve operational efficiency, and create new value propositions in an increasingly immersive and interconnected world.
The integration of legitimacy in entrepreneurial ecosystem theory is under-researched, resulting in scholarly vagueness about how entrepreneurs acquire resources. Our qualitative study with 31 (co-)founders of startups following the triple bottom line investigates entrepreneurs' daily practices for building legitimacy in entrepreneurial ecosystems. We identify that entrepreneurs follow a sequential process to build legitimacy: 1) engaging and assimilating with culture, 2) establishing and utilizing networks, 3) enhancing visibility, and 4) leveraging the sustainable mission. Following this sequential process builds different levels of legitimacy. Each level grants access to resources from the entrepreneurial ecosystem. We contribute to the scholarly conversation on legitimacy in entrepreneurial ecosystems and provide practical implications for entrepreneurs.
The concept of coopetition - simultaneous collaboration and competition between organizations to achieve mutually beneficial outcomes - plays a pivotal role in shaping business performance, particularly during periods of rapid technological advancements. This is especially evident the manufacturing sector, where innovation and competitive dynamics intersect with economic and social forces. The current academic discourse predominantly focuses on the qualitative identification and analysis of coopetition attributes, leaving a significant gap for large-scale quantitative studies to enable empirical assessment. This study aims to examine the significance of three groups of coopetition attributes for coopetition performance classified into two strategic (dynamics, paradoxicality), six relational (asymmetry, complexity, coopetition intensity, mutual dependence, strength, tensions), and five behavioral attributes (competition intensity, conflict, formality, investments, trust). Using data from 1216 manufacturing firms in Poland and employing a generalized Covariance based Structural Equation Model (CB-SEM), this study offers nuanced insights to the global discourse at the intersection of technological change and social dynamics. The results indicate that the strategic attribute paradoxicality, the relational attribute strength, and most of the behavioral attributes (trust, competition intensity, investments, formality) positively impact coopetition performance. Additionally, a significant negative impact of the strategic attribute dynamics was demonstrated, while no significant influence was identified for the remaining relational attributes (asymmetry, tensions) as well as the behavioral attribute conflict. Diverging from prior qualitative approaches, this study offers data-driven insights for decision-makers navigating societal and technological change, highlighting which attributes should be stimulated to enhance coopetition performance while minimizing the level of dynamics within coopetition strategies.
The Future Combat Air System (FCAS), a sixth-generation advanced combat aircraft, is assumed to be the largest European defence development and production programme of the 21st century and a core pillar of European cooperation in the defence sector. The 2017-initiated collaboration programme is led by Germany and France, with Spain and Belgium joining as partners, and is a who-is-who of the largest European defence companies, including Airbus Defence and Space, Thales, Safran, MBDA, and MTU. While such defence programmes have significant military, political, industrial, and economic impacts, the economic dimension in terms of economic costs and benefits is often under-represented in academic discussions. As the FCAS is still a nascent programme, only rough estimates of the total programme cost are available, and assumptions range from €100 bn to more than a trillion. With our research, we aim to contribute to the academic discussion by estimating the true economic costs and benefits of the FCAS. We use a mixed approach of data triangulation by cross-checking open source intelligence (OSINT) with expert interviews to estimate the full programme life-cycle costs. Furthermore, we estimate its economic impact on the European gross value added, employment, and tax by utilising an input – output (IO) model.
Artificial intelligence (AI) emerges as a promising technology to address burgeoning challenges resulting from shifting demographics, coupled with a shortage of qualified personnel. Thus, the adoption of AI creates especially interest within the talent acquisition (TA) domain to realize anticipated efficiency gains. However, evidence suggests that AI adoption may foster the emergence of harmful forms of practices (HFP) within TA practices. Despite the importance, respective empirical studies collecting data to generate insights remain sparse. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate HFP and underlying drivers through a mixed-method approach. At the first stage, we conducted in-depth interviews with 42 TA experts. The resulting insights informed the development of the 'Adoption of AI in TA: Framework on Negative Consequences.' This model suggests that a confluence of technological, individual, and organizational factors can result in the emergence of HFP post-AI adoption. Such potential HFP include biased decision-making, data privacy violations, and efficiency reduction. Then, we validated our qualitative findings and confirmed our hypotheses by employing a quantitative, survey-based approach with 303 valid study participants. By shedding light on potential HFP through AI adoption in TA and respective catalysts, our research empowers both information technology and TA professionals to proactively engage in mitigation strategies. In this vein, they may successfully navigate the complex landscape of AI adoption. Hence, this study adds to research on effective AI adoption in TA.