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Monitoring the thermally induced transition from sp3-hybridized into sp2-hybridized carbons

  • The preparation of carbons for technical applications is typically based on a treatment of a precursor, which is transformed into the carbon phase with the desired structural properties. During such treatment the material passes through several different structural stages, for example, starting from precursor molecules via an amorphous phase into crystalline-like phases. While the structure of non-graphitic and graphitic carbon has been well studied, the transformation stages from molecular to amorphous and non-graphitic carbon are still not fully understood. Disordered carbon often contains a mixture of sp3-, sp2-and sp1-hybridized bonds, whose analysis is difficult to interpret. We systematically address this issue by studying the transformation of purely sp3-hybridized carbons, that is, nanodiamond and adamantane, into sp2-hybridized non-graphitic and graphitic carbon. The precursor materials are thermally treated at different temperatures and the transformation stages are monitored. We employ Raman spectroscopy, WAXS and TEM to characterize the structural changes. We correlate the intensities and positions of the Raman bands with the lateral crystallite size La estimated by WAXS analysis. The behavior of the D and G Raman bands characteristic for sp2-type material formed by transforming the sp3-hybridized precursors into non-graphitic and graphitic carbon agrees well with that observed using sp2-structured precursors.

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Metadaten
Document Type:Article
Author:Dominique B. Schüpfer, Felix BadaczewskiORCiD, Jan Peilstöcker, Juan Manuel Guerra-Castro, Hwirim ShimORCiD, Saleh FiroozabadiORCiD, Andreas BeyerORCiD, Kerstin VolzORCiD, Volker PresserORCiD, Christian HeiligerORCiD, Bernd Smarsly, Peter J. Klar
URN:urn:nbn:de:bsz:291:415-759
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2020.09.063
Parent Title (English):Carbon
Volume:172
First Page:214
Last Page:227
Language:English
Year of first Publication:2021
Release Date:2022/08/08
Tag:adamantane; amorphous carbon; carbon characterization; carbon onions; nanodiamond
Impact:11.307 (2021)
Scientific Units:Energy Materials
DDC classes:500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik / 540 Chemie
Open Access:Open Access
Signature:INM 2021/001
Licence (German):License LogoCreative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International