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Reduced Faradaic Contributions and Fast Charging of Nanoporous Carbon Electrodes in a Concentrated Sodium Nitrate Aqueous Electrolyte for Supercapacitors

  • The Faradaic processes related to electrochemical water reduction at the nanoporous carbon electrode under negative polarization are reduced when the concentration of aqueous sodium nitrate (NaNO3) is increased or the temperature is decreased. This effect enhances the relative contribution of ion electrosorption to the total charge storage process. Hydrogen chemisorption is reduced in aqueous 8.0 m NaNO3 due to the low degree of hydration of the Na+ cation; consequently, less free water is available for redox contributions, driving the system to exhibit electrical double-layer capacitive characteristics. Hydrogen adsorption/desorption is facilitated in 1.0 m NaNO3 due to the high molar ratio. The excess of water shifts the local pH in carbon nanopores to neutral values, giving rise to a high overpotential for dihydrogen evolution in the latter. The dilution effect on local pH shift in 1.0 m NaNO3 can be reduced by decreasing the temperature. A symmetric activated carbon cell assembled with 8.0 m NaNO3 exhibits a high capacitance and coulombic efficiency, a larger contribution of ion electrosorption to the overall charge storage process, and a stable capacitance performance at 1.6 V.

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Metadaten
Document Type:Article
Author:Qamar AbbasORCiD, Bernhard GollasORCiD, Volker PresserORCiD
URN:urn:nbn:de:bsz:291:415-2753
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.201900430
ISSN:2194-4288
Parent Title (English):Energy Technology
Volume:7
Issue:9
Pagenumber:1900430
Language:English
Year of first Publication:2019
Release Date:2022/11/18
Impact:03.404 (2019)
Funding Information:Austrian Science Fund. Grant Number: M 2576-N37
Scientific Units:Energy Materials
Open Access:Open Access
Signature:INM 2019/087
Licence (German):License LogoCreative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International