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The analysis of arabidopsis nicotianamine synthase mutants reveals functions for nicotianamine in seed iron loading and iron deficiency responses

  • Nicotianamine chelates and transports micronutrient metal ions in plants. It has been speculated that nicotianamine is involved in seed loading with micronutrients. A tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) mutant (chloronerva) and a tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) transgenic line have been utilized to analyze the effects of nicotianamine loss. These mutants showed early leaf chlorosis and had sterile flowers. Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) has four NICOTIANAMINE SYNTHASE (NAS) genes. We constructed two quadruple nas mutants: one had full loss of NAS function, was sterile, and showed a chloronerva-like phenotype (nas4x-2); another mutant, with intermediate phenotype (nas4x-1), developed chlorotic leaves, which became severe upon transition from the vegetative to the reproductive phase and upon iron (Fe) deficiency. Residual nicotianamine levels were sufficient to sustain the life cycle. Therefore, the nas4x-1 mutant enabled us to study late nicotianamine functions. This mutant had no detectable nicotianamine in rosette leaves of the reproductive stage but low nicotianamine levels in vegetative rosette leaves and seeds. Fe accumulated in the rosette leaves, while less Fe was present in flowers and seeds. Leaves, roots, and flowers showed symptoms of Fe deficiency, whereas leaves also showed signs of sufficient Fe supply, as revealed by molecular-physiological analysis. The mutant was not able to fully mobilize Fe to sustain Fe supply of flowers and seeds in the normal way. Thus, nicotianamine is needed for correct supply of seeds with Fe. These results are fundamental for plant manipulation approaches to modify Fe homeostasis regulation through alterations of NAS genes.

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Metadaten
Document Type:Article
Author:Marco Klatte, Mara Schuler, Markus Wirtz, Claudia Fink-Straube, Rüdiger Hell, Petra BauerORCiD
URN:urn:nbn:de:bsz:291:415-3838
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.109.136374
ISSN:0032-0889
Parent Title (English):Plant Physiology
Volume:150
Issue:1
First Page:257
Last Page:271
Language:English
Year of first Publication:2009
Release Date:2022/11/18
Impact:06.235 (2009)
Funding Information:Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft in the Arabidopsis Functional Genomics Program, Arabidopsis Functional Genomics Network (grant nos. Ba1610/4–1 and Ba1610/4–3).
Scientific Units:Chemical Analytics
Open Access:Open Access
Signature:INM 2009/25
Licence (German):License LogoCreative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International