Refine
Document Type
- Article (3)
Language
- English (3)
Is part of the Bibliography
- yes (3)
Keywords
- adhesion (1)
- bioinspiration (2)
- biomechanics (1)
- buckling (1)
- micropatterning (1)
- microstructure (1)
- penetration (1)
- wetting (1)
Scientific Unit
In the course of evolution nature has arrived at startling materials solutions to ensure survival. Investigations into biological surfaces, ranging from plants, insects and geckos to aquatic animals, have inspired the design of intricate surface patterns to create useful functionalities. This paper reviews the fundamental interaction mechanisms of such micropatterns with liquids, solids, and soft matter such as skin for control of wetting, self-cleaning, anti-fouling, adhesion, skin adherence, and sensing. Compared to conventional chemical strategies, the paradigm of micropatterning enables solutions with superior resource efficiency and sustainability. Associated applications range from water management and robotics to future health monitoring devices. We finally provide an overview of the relevant patterning methods as an appendix.
As ubiquitous defense mechanisms in Nature, stinger-like structures cover a size range over six orders of magnitude. While their composition varies, we uncovered a common geometric trait: a non-linear relationship between diameter and distance from the tip, following a power law with an exponent universally between 2 and 3. Through a combination of theoretical mechanics and experiments, we interpret this universal shape to be the result of a competition between penetration and buckling, motivated by the limitations of the mechanical properties of the stinger material. Our study not only resolves a mystery underlying the structural optimization of convergently evolved natural stingers, but also can offer inspiration for efficient needles in technology or biomedicine, made from sustainable non-metallic materials.
