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Boolean Operators AND, OR, NOT

When you use the Simple Search, all terms are combined by AND automatically. For a more tightly focused search you may use the Boolean Operators to combine different search terms.

AND: The document has to contain all search terms.

OR: The document has to contain one of the search terms. This function broadens your search and is recommended, when there are different terms for the same meaning.

article OR paper

NOT: This function works excluding and might be useful to reduce a large result list: Documents, which contain the one term, may not contain the other.

article NOT paper

The Boolean Operators work for the Advanced Search as well. You may use them to combine different search terms within one search field. For example, to search for documents of the author "Doe" in the years 2002 or 2003, use the query:

Author: Doe 
 Year: 2002 OR 2003

Wildcards

In the field 'Search:', you may use the symbols '*' and '?' as wildcards. Use them in place of a character or characters that are unknown or that may differ. You cannot use them in front of a word or search string.

Example 1: chemi* finds chemical but also chemistry or chemist. Example 2: licen?e finds licence and license.

You may use double quotes (") to search for phrases.

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I have more questions about this repository- whom shall I contact?

ifa-Bibliothek
Charlottenplatz 17
D-70173 Stuttgart

Telefon: +49.711.2225.147

E-Mail: bibliothek(at)ifa.de

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How do I publish my work here?

Authorisation to submit Items to the Repository requires prior registration with the Repository as a Depositor. Institutional Depositors (e.g., universities) may also register. Authorisation to represent an institutional Depositor must be affirmed when uploading.

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What's metadata?

Metadata can be defined as

data describing one or more ressources or as
data associated with an object and describing it

Basically metadata is describing documents, objects or services and contains information about their content, structure or form. More abstractly metadata is a description of data or "data about data". Bibliographic data sets and catalog entries in library catalogs can be seen as a kind of metadata.

This repository is using metadata in the Dublin Core Metedata Element Set (short Dublin Core (DC)) which has fifteen basic elements. Dublin Core is the result of international efforts to reach a collective consensus in describing electronic objects (in the broadest sense). The Library of Congress (LoC), the Online Cataloging Library Center (OCLC) and several national libraries are dealing with Dublin Core in many projects and are close to introduce the system respectively.

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What's to regard if I plan to publish my work by a professional publisher or have done that already?

In most cases this is no problem. Please ensure in any case, if your publisher allows a parallel publication! To do that you can use the SHERPA/ROMEO list.

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What about licenses for my publication?

Authors can choose which terms of use must be regarded for their publication. These terms are defined in a license. This repository supports different licenses, from which you can choose one (i.e. Creative Commons Licenses/).

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Legal Framework Conditions

The submission and subsequent release of Items in the ifa Repository require the permanent transfer from the Depositor to the ifa of the non-exclusive right to make the Item openly available on the internet.

The Depositor thus transfers the following rights:

a permanent non-exclusive right of use pursuant to Section 31(2) UrhG (German Act on Copyright and Related Rights) to make works publicly available in international data networks pursuant to Section 19a UrhG,
the right to transmit the Item and the associated metadata, including the abstract, to DNB's document server and, if applicable, to other suitable document servers with the rights granted to ifa,
the right to change, amend or complete the disclosed metadata and to make it available and usable without restriction
the permanent right to store the Item electronically together with the associated metadata,
the permanent right to long-term archiving/visualisation and to the conversion required for this purpose, while respecting and preserving the content and preserving the original archiving, also in the case of publication within the Repository, and
the right to make the Item available to third parties for download for non-commercial use, with ifa itself not being entitled to commercial exploitation of the Item at any time.

The transfer of rights set out above is effected by giving a Statement of Consent on the occasion of submitting the Item. In the course of registering as a Depositor, the Depositor already submits to the applicability of these Guidelines.

The copyrights, exploitation rights and rights of use to the Item remain unaffected by the granting of rights set out above. The ifa only receives a non-exclusive right of use. Publication in the Repository does not preclude publication elsewhere. If several authors co-wrote an Item, then they are co-authors of this work. Thus, the Item may only be published if each author gives consent.

The Statement of Consent and the granting of the rights contained herein can only be made validly if the Depositor is entitled to grant the above rights. The Depositor must thus affirm that he is entitled to do so and prove the existence of a Creative Commons licence, or grant such a licence when uploading if the Depositor is entitled to do so.

In accordance with the licence information provided during the upload, the ifa can add a cover sheet to the Item before the Item is released, on which the existing or granted Creative Commons licence is displayed, unless it is already included in the Item itself (e.g., in its imprint). The ifa only acts in a technical capacity in implementing the licence specification made by the Depositor during the upload, since independently adding the licence to the Item is not technically possible for the Depositor in each case. The ifa does not grant its own licence or evaluate the specified licence.

This affirmation also includes the declaration that the Item and its submission do not violate legal regulations, official orders or decisions or rights of third parties.

The Depositor shall be obliged to clarify any third-party rights that may be affected (in particular copyrights, exploitation rights and rights of use) prior to submission and to obtain any necessary consents in verifiable form.

If the Depositor becomes aware of the existence or development of legal obstacles, he shall inform ifa thereof without delay.

Upon submission, the Depositor also undertakes to indemnify ifa against all claims made by third parties against ifa on the basis of rights which they hold (in particular copyrights, exploitation rights and rights of use) in respect of the item and to reimburse ifa for the costs arising from this indemnification and to assign any own claims against third parties on request. Furthermore, the Depositor agrees to the deletion or suspension of the accessibility or availability of the Item in the cases specified in these Guidelines and declares that he/she is aware of and agrees to the provisions for sanctioning violations as specified in this Guideline.

Only such Items will be admitted to and released for the Repository where the copyrights and other rights of the entitled persons are being observed and have been observed. Accordingly, Items are only released if a licence exists for the Item or (if the Depositor is entitled to grant a licence) is granted in the same way upon submission. In order to meet these requirements, the consent of the rights holders must be obtained and, if necessary, proven. If a Creative Commons licence already exists for the Item, proof of this must be provided for the upload.

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Documentation